The Alabama in the Civil War Message Board

Re: The Alabama Cavalry Battalion of Fort Heiman,

I do not believe that Lt. Colonel John H. Miller's First Battalion Mississippi Cavalry were Fort Heiman defenders. I do believe that they were ordered from Paris, TN to Union City, TN and then down the Mobile and Ohio railroad to end up at Corinth, MS before the Battle of Shiloh. The were not retreating but following orders to protect the railroad during the retreat of Maj. Gen. Polk's army from Columbus, KY to Corinth, MS.

Brig. Gen. Lloyd Tilghman's 25 Jan 1862 report to Maj. Gen. Polk is the only Fort Henry that mentions Miller:
"Courier in from Colonel Miller's command. Miller could not come up with the enemy. The Federals made forced marches; their advance was within 12 miles of Paducah this morning at 6 o'clock. Our troops halted 11 miles from enemy's rear, and determined to return to Fort Henry." (Official Records, Vol. 7, Pt. 1, pg. 75)

Tilghman's final report on the Battle of Fort Henry does not mention Miller's Battalion but tells who was left to defend Fort Heiman:
". . . As indicated some time since to the general commanding the department, I found it impossible to hold the commanding ground south of the Tennessee River with the small force of badly-armed men at my command, and, notwithstanding the fact that all my defenses were commanded by the high ground on which I had commenced the construction of Fort Heiman, I deemed it proper to trust to the fact that the extremely bad roads leading to that point would prevent the movement of heavy guns by the enemy, by which I might be annoyed, and, leaving the Alabama Battalion of Cavalry and Captain Padgett's spy company on the western bank of the river, transferred the force encamped on that side to the opposite bank. At the time of receiving the first intimation of the approach of the enemy, the Forty-eighth and Fifty-first Tennessee Regiments having only just reported, were encamped at Danville and at the mouth of Sandy, and had to be moved from 5 to 20 miles in order to reach Fort Henry. this movement, together with the transfer of the Twenty-seventh Alabama and Fifteenth Arkansas Regiments from Fort Heiman across the river, was all perfected by 5 a.m. on the morning of the 5th. . . ." (Official Records, Vol. 7, Pt. 1, pg. 137-138)

Colonel Adolphus Heiman's report names all the Fort Heiman defenders that were in place on 4 Feb:
" . . . The heights on the opposite side of the river, with the unfinished works of Fort Heiman, were occupied by the Twenty-seventh Alabama Regiment, Colonel Hughes; the Fifteenth Arkansas, Colonel Gee; two companies of Alabama cavalry, commanded by Captains Hubbard and Houston, and an unorganized company of 40 men, kentucky cavalry, Captain Padgett, and a section of a light battery, commanded by Lieutenant Hankinicz,* amounting in all to 1,100 men. . . ." (Official Records, Vol. 7, Pt. 1, pg. 148)

Lt. Colonel Miller's report on 14 Feb 1862 from Camp Porter, Paris, TN tells Maj. Gen. Polk of his 13 Feb attack on Union cavalry between Fort Heiman and Concorde, KY. At the end of this report he asks Polk a direct question:
"General, what am I to do with my men this terrible weather? Half supplied with tents and cooking utensils, we cannot remain in this condition. I beg your attention to their wants. Pagett's, Hubbard's, and Houston's broken companies have no tents at all or supplies of any kind, having lost them at Fort Heiman." (Official Records, Vol. 7, Pt. 1, pg. 416)

Several service records of Capt. Houston's and Capt. Hubbard's men indicate that they left Paris, TN with the First Battalion Mississippi Cavalry. 1st Lt. W.P. Wren and 2nd Lt. Robert M. Clark were captured just north west of Union City, TN at Hickman, KY on 22 Mar 1862. Both of their parole documents indicated Alabama Ranger Company (Hubbard's), 1st Mississippi Cavalry Batallion. All during March, members of Houston's Company signed into hospitals as Houston's Company, 1st Regiment Mississippi Cavalry. One example, Private J. English enlisted in Houston's Company at Paris, TN on 16 Feb 1862 and entered the Jackson, TN Hospital on Mar 21st as a member of the 1st Regiment Mississippi Cavalry.

Hope someone smarter can tell us about Lt. Colonel Miller's and the First Battalion Mississippi Cavalry's time table for moving between Union City, TN and Corinth, MS.

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The Alabama Cavalry Battalion of Fort Heiman, KY
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