The Alabama in the Civil War Message Board

Re: Surrender at Citronelle Ala May 4 ,1865 *PIC*

Other than General Taylor and one staff officer, no Confederate soldiers were present. For that reason Richard Taylor is the best source for what happened at Citronelle. As commander of the Department of Alabama, Mississippi and East Louisiana, he had authority for all Confederate soldiers in this geographic area. The major military forces under his command were the former defenses of Mobile and Forrest's cavalry.

At General Canby's request, Taylor came from Meridian MS to meet with him at Magee's Farm, 12 miles north of Mobile. The meeting which took place on April 29, 1865, resulted in a conditional truce. Shortly afterwards General Taylor heard that Sherman had rejected the surrender terms proposed by General Johnston in North Carolina. As long as another major Confederate army remained under arms east of the Mississippi, Taylor believed he must continue the struggle, even though it could obtain no good results.

Almost as quickly, more recent news arrived that General Johnston had agreed to terms and surrendered his forces on April 26th. Soldiers under Johnston's command were being paroled and going home. Taylor then notified his commanders of his intentions to surrender. His letter of May 2, 1865, appears in the Official Records, part 2, page 1275. The original letter was addressed to Gens. Dabney H Maury, Nathan B Forrest, and all other general officers in the Department.
http://ebooks.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=moawar;cc=moawar;q1=Maury;rgn=full%20text;idno=waro0104;didno=waro0104;view=image;seq=1277

Part of Taylor's letter reads,
Officers and soldiers must stand fast to their colors, present as bold a front as possible, and in the last extremity surrender en masse, upon such terms as are never granted to any but an organized national army. By such a course I will be enabled, when the proper time arrives, to secure for all my troops such terms as will insure them transportation and subsistence to their homes and a right to remain thereat unmolested by Federal authorities, protection for the horses belonging to enlisted men, and private arms, baggage, and horses of officers. Unless the troops remain intact and are relieved from service by some general agreement between Confederate and Federal commanders they will be hunted down like beasts of prey, their families will be persecuted, and ruin thus entailed not only upon the soldiers themselves, but also upon thousands of defenseless Southern women and children. I hope you will take pains to impress these views upon the officers and men of your command, and to assure them that their safety rests solely upon all of us remaining together in an organized state, faithfully respecting public and private property, and so performing all of our duties as will enable us to certainly secure our private rights, if finally compelled to succumb to overwhelming numbers, and lay down our arms as soldiers of a national cause with the preservation of military honor.

On May 4, 1865, a surrender agreement was made at Citronelle, 40 miles north of Mobile AL. U S officers with small escorts would come to Confederate military camps and begin issuing paroles on appointed dates. This process began at Merdian MS and Gainesville AL on May 9th. By this date Taylor had returned to his headquarters at Meridian and issued orders concerning the agreement. ADAH has at least one of final orders directing troops to march from Cuba Station AL to Meridian, lay down their arms, sign paroles and go home. Taylor was precise to the end, directing the order of march for each unit.

Other sources -
T Michael Parrish, Richard Taylor: Soldier Prince of Dixie, pp 438-43;
Richard Taylor, Destruction and Reconstruction, 274-79.

Long after we die and go on to our reward, people will continue to believe that Confederate soldiers came to Citronelle to surrender. Due to the ambiguous wording found in service records, that's what people will always believe.

Relatively few people know anything about General Taylor. He was one of 17 Confederate lieutenant generals, and one of three who did not attend U S Military Academy at West Point. The others were Forrest and Wade Hampton. After meeting his new department commander in early September 1864, Forrest was heard to say,

"He's the biggest man in the lot. If we'd had more like him, we would have whipped the Yankees long ago."
Thomas D Osborne, "Kentucky's Gifts to the Confederacy," Confederate Veteran 13 (1905), p 200.

Messages In This Thread

Surrender at Citronelle Ala May 4 ,1865
Re: Surrender at Citronelle Ala May 4 ,1865
Re: Surrender at Citronelle Ala May 4 ,1865
Re: Surrender at Citronelle Ala May 4 ,1865
Re: Surrender at Citronelle Ala May 4 ,1865
Re: Surrender at Citronelle Ala May 4 ,1865
Re: Losing the Last Appomattox
Re: Surrender at Citronelle Ala May 4 ,1865
Re: Surrender at Citronelle Ala May 4 ,1865
Re: Surrender at Citronelle Ala May 4 ,1865 *PIC*