There was a true bold action carbine made in 1865 which saw limited use. The Palmer Carbine was made in Windsor, Vermont in 1865 by E.G. Lamson & Co. This gun was designed by William Palmer, brother of Courtland Palmer who owned the patent rights to the Jennings rifle. He patented the design in December of 1863, and was brought to Windsor by Lamson. This is the first metallic cartridge bolt action rifle adopted by the U.S. Government. Approximately 1000 were manufactured