The link below will assist you in formulating a cogent answer to your questions. Start out with the "Georgia History 101" and examine each section. I do not know what your audience is or who you may be writing for but this should help you find information you can tailor for them.
Also, you will want to analyze the county from which your ancestor may have been from. If you go that county library or contact them, it is very likely that they have a county history that will give you a local flavor to what you are looking for.
I hope this helps.
Respectfully,
Gerald D. Hodge, Jr.
M.A. Military History - Civil War Concentration
Research - Preservation
Historian: 39th Georgia Volunteer Infantry Regiment