The Ga. State Guards consisted of both infantry and cavalry regiments and were created by Gov. Joe Brown for local defense. They were organized in Aug. 1863 and served a six month term of enlistment. These troops were enlisted into Confederate service (not Ga. militia) under the command of Gen. Howell Cobb.
If you wish to find out the exact particulars of your ancestor's service in the state guards, you will probably have to make a trip to the Ga. archives.