Ken wrote, "An Osage village in the Cherokee Nation in Indian Territory seems very unlikely." Bingo. After the start of hostilities in 1861, the Cherokee did not hesitate to remove the Osage (and other tribes) from historic village sites along the Neosho and Verdigris in what is now Oklahoma. This is the very reason why the entire Osage nation was encamped along the Verdigris in what is now Kansas in 1863 AND there were so many other refugees from other tribes starving in temporary camps all over Eastern Kansas.

Robert