Joint resolutions adopted by the Confederate Congress on the subject of
retaliation April 30—May 1, 1863.
"4. That every white person being a commissioned officer or acting as
such who during the present war shall command negroes or mulattoes
in arms against the Confederate States or who shall arm, train, organ-
ize or prepare negroes or mulattoes for military service against the
Confederate States or who shall voluntarily aid negroes or mulattoes
in any military enterprise, attack or conflict in such service shall be
deemed as inciting servile insurrection, and shall if captured be put to
death or be otherwise punished at the discretion of the court."
I do not see anything less than the specific charge of commanding negroes or mulattoes for armed military service for the purpose of attack or conflict against the Confederate States. I do not believe the law also extended to leaders of non-combat support by unarmed blacks; like the free blacks and slaves that were used by the Confederates to support the defense of their nation.
I have never seen any laws or orders directing the execution of certain whites because they were leading unarmed, non-military black working parties or workers in support of Union forces or Northern interest. I do not believe they had any problem with whites ordering blacks to do manual labor for any cause, how could that be illegal by their standards? The issue was white officers giving blacks and stolen slaves military weapons and training and putting them in the field as soldiers.
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David Upton