James S. Thomas Household, 1930 U.S. Census, Little Rock, Pulaski County, Arkansas Population Schedule, Enumeration District 33, Pages 49A and 49B, Lines 47-50 (page 49A), Lines 1 and 2 (page 49B), National Archives Micropublication Roll 92
o Thomas, James S., 55, married at age 21, AR, TN, TN, salesman
o Carrie S, 50, married at age 21, AL, AL, AL
o Erwin S., son, 28, AR, AR, AL,
o Clara F., daughter, 26, AR, AR, AL, filing clerk, credit bureau.
o James III, 18, AR, AR, AL, Sarah, 15, AR, AR, AL,
From all indications, Judge James S. Thomas was a brother of Captain John D. Thomas. He was in the household of A.J. Thomas in 1860 Prairie County, and A.J. was Captain Thomas' father.
You might try posting on the Thomas Family Genealogy Forum.
http://genforum.genealogy.com/thomas/
Good luck.