Can someone break down (the different duties) of each Regiment
Company for me, (Please).

(For Example):

What was a Battalion? ???
What was Artillery? Were they the ones in charge of the cannons?
What was a Infantry? Were they the "Soldiers" on foot? Like (Army)
What was a Cavalry? I believe the "Mounted Soldiers," right?

I was told, that the Cavalry were "Mounted Soldiers" on horses;
which several of my Ancestors were. And, if I'm understanding
this correctly: A "Mounted Soldier" had to bring his own horse
from home, into the War? Or, did he have to purchase one there?
I also read - that a "Mounted Soldier" could only weigh abt. 150
pounds, since his horse could only hold upto 200 pounds, which
the other 50 pounds were supplies and gear, etc...

And, just like our military soldiers are sent off to "Boot Camp"
before their sent off to War. Did the Civil War Soldiers have to
go through some type of training? How did a Soldier get picked
for (whatever) Unit/Company/Regiment? Or, did they have a choice?

Thanks for all your help on this...

Have a great week,

Rebecca Wilson :)