The Georgia in the Civil War Message Board - Archive

Re: 3rd Georgia Reserves/State Troops

I'll have to go back to the microfilm to get the newspaper refeences. Here's what I've written on Coosawhatchee, including its National Archives event title:

Date & Event: Dec. 6th-9th, 1864 – Demonstrations against the Charleston and Savannah Railroad, S. C.
Location: Jasper County SC; Atlas 145:E-10/11, D/E-11.
Campaign: Savannah, Ga., Nov. 15-Dec. 21, 1864.
Units engaged: CSA, led by Brig. Gen. Lucius J. Gartrell; Brig. Gen. Beverly H. Robertson.
Georgia – 5th, 32nd (1 battn.) & 47th Inf. Regt.; 1st & 3rd Res. Regts., Athens & Augusta Res. Battns.
North Carolina – 7th Res. Battn.
South Carolina – 1st Reg. Inf. Regt. (1 co.); German Art.; Citadel Cadet Battn. & militia
USA, led by Cols. John P. Guruey & William Silliman, Lt. Col. Stewart L. Woolford.
New York – 56th, 127th & 157th Inf. Regts. .; Batteries “B” & “F”, 3rd Art. Regt.
Ohio – 25th Inf. Regt.
United States – Marine Battalion; Naval Brigade.
Strength: CSA, estimated 1500 officers and men; USA, estimated 2200 officers and men.
Casualties: CSA, 8 killed, 44 wounded; USA, 13 killed, 73 wounded.
References: OR 44, 420, 438-48, 636, 714, 818, 931, 934-39, 941-42, 944-45.

Report of Brig. Gen. Beverly H. Robertson, C S. Army:

About 9 A.M. on the 9th the enemy opened on the left of my line a very rapid and continuous fire from some eight guns. His line of skirmishers advanced about 10 o'clock, and immediately after the entire left became hotly engaged, our men fighting behind temporary breast-works. Several attempts were made to carry our lines, but all were handsomely repulsed. The troops fought with great spirit. Foiled in his undertaking, the enemy moved to his left in the direction of Coosawhatchie. The engagement was renewed most vigorously on our right at 3 p.m., and after an obstinate resistance by the enemy, lasting some two hours, he was driven 800 yards from his original line. The 32nd and 47th Georgia, the 7th North Carolina Battn., and the battalion of South Carolina cadets, all under…Colonel Edwards, occupied the left; the 5th Georgia, the 1st and 3rd Georgia Reserves, under Colonel Daniel, the right. General Gartrell was slightly wounded by a fragment of a shell before he reached the field.

Report of Col. Aaron C. Edwards, 47th Georgia Infantry:

In obedience to instructions from Maj. Gen. Jones [directing] me to attack the enemy early on the 7th…I made the following disposition of…my command – …200 men of the 47th Georgia, Capt. J. C. Thompson, two companies of the 32nd Georgia, with the Augusta battalion, King’s company of the 1st South Carolina [Regulars], and 130 South Carolina militia, commanded by Lt. Col. Bacon, of the 32nd Georgia, and the battalion of South Carolina cadets, commanded by Maj. J. B. White, making in all 700 or 800 men. Early in the morning four companies were thrown forward as skirmishers, under command of Maj. White. The line--composed of the 47th Georgia, on the right, and militia under command of Lt. Col. Bacon, on the left--moved just in rear of the skirmishers. In a thick wood near a bend in the old Pocotaligo road the right of my skirmish line struck the enemy. The front was then changed gradually to the right until the line crossed the said road at nearly right angles, when it confronted the enemy, and became engaged throughout its entire length. The command of Lt. Col. Nesbett arrived, and was posted on the left…. Our skirmishers drove the enemy vigorously until the right of the line became engaged…, our left… overlapping his right. This position was maintained until after Col. Daniel's demonstration on my right, when the enemy made new dispositions…beyond my left. The enemy's force considerably outnumbered mine [which were] largely raw troops, [making it] impracticable to attack [and] drive him from his position. I therefore withdrew in good order…to my present position. The troops engaged, …skirmishers only, behaved with great gallantry.

We began on the morning of the 8th to fortify our position. [On] the morning of the 9th the enemy drove in our pickets and advanced in force to within 250 yards of our position. We opened upon him with artillery and musketry, and in a very short time drove him back, with considerable loss. On the afternoon of the same day, [while attempting] to reestablish our picket line, the enemy was found in the wood on our right within 100 yards of the railroad. After severe fighting for about two hours, he was driven off and our line re-established.

Report of Lieut. Col. Stewart L. Woodford, 127th New York Infantry for Dec. 6th:

The regt. left Boyd's Neck about 7 o'clock that morning on the steamer Charles Houghton [and landed] between 9 and 11 a.m. at the upper landing of Gregory's plantation, Cos. D C, F, and H [being] the first…ashore. These, with part of the 157th New York Volunteers, 56th New York Volunteers, 25th Ohio, and the naval infantry [marched] on the dirt road, moving north to the Coosawhatchie and Beaufort turnpike…. The rebel pickets were soon [encountered] about a quarter of a mile south of the turnpike [and driven back]. The center of our line of battle was on the dirt road; the right wing extended into an open field at right angles to this road and parallel to the turnpike; the left wing was refused and lay about forty-five degrees from northeast to southwest. The four companies of the 127th New York Volunteers held the right center of the line; Company I soon came up, and was ordered in on the left, the remaining five companies came promptly up as soon as we landed, and were also subsequently sent in upon the left of the line of battle. The severe fighting was nearly over when these latter got into position.

Soon after the firing became Gen., the rebels advanced the left of their line--which lay upon the turnpike, sheltered by the forest on the north and a heavy skirting of trees and hedge on the south--into the field, and endeavored to charge and break our right. The naval infantry, which lay immediately to [our] right, were forced back about 100 or 150 yards, leaving our right uncovered. Col. Gurney, commanding our regt., was shot through the arm, and [left] the field. I immediately charged the rebel line [with the four companies of my command], but before we reached them they broke and retired. Part of them fell back into the woods north of the turnpike, and part moved west on the turnpike, under cover of their artillery, to their entrenchments near the railroad. Just before we charged we fired by rank, and under this discharge the flag of the regt. in our front--the Fifth Georgia Reserves--fell. They were driven back so rapidly as not to be able to rescue it…. Having seized the turnpike, we subsequently moved up on it a quarter of a mile to the west, when we fell back and bivouacked for the night on the left of the line.

Reports of Lieut. Col. Stewart L. Woodford, 127th New York Infantry:

We left…the left of the entrenchments at daybreak and moved to the right of the advanced battery in the open field. At 9.10 a.m. the brigade of skirmishers, under command of Col. Silliman, 26th U.S. Colored Troops, advanced across the country road, or turnpike, moving due north to a point near the railroad…. We encountered no fire until within about 350 yards of the rebel works, when we met their picket-line. After a sharp skirmish these were driven back until our line rested within about 200 yards of the rebel battery and the railroad. Col. Silliman was severely wounded almost as soon as fire opened, and forced to leave the field. The command of the brigade then devolved upon me. This regt. lay upon the advance line from near 10 a.m. until 2.30 p.m., when we were ordered to retire and cover the withdrawal of the reserves. The latter were attacked upon their left when about three-quarters of a mile from our entrenchments, and a sharp fight ensued, lasting from about 2.45 until dark. During this action our skirmish line formed into a line of battle in one rank and covered the right of the Gen. line. The rebels felt of us but once, when they advanced a small skirmish line against our center. A few well-directed shots caused them to retire. After the troops withdrew from the field, we came in, covering their march. The 157th New York Volunteers formed the rear skirmish line on this last movement.

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Company K 13th GA Regiment (Troup County GA)
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