Answer to your first question, yes, Georgia did have conscription. Enrolling officers and sheriffs roamed the land in search of those eligible. Generally speaking, if you look at a compiled service record after May 1, 1862 you can assume, with some exceptions of course, that they were conscripted. Georgia had several locations for conscription camps.

Answer to your second questions, they were volunteers under duress.

Below is a quote from my master's thesis entitled, "Free or Dead: Loyalty, Desertion, and Will in the 39th Georgia Volunteer Infantry Regiment," copyright by Gerald D. Hodge, Jr, 2009.

"The manpower situation in the Confederacy for the upcoming spring campaign were critical and on February 2, 1862, Confederate Secretary of War Judah P. Benjamin sent a letter to the state governors giving them a quota of troops to be furnished for three years or the duration of the war. Georgia was to furnish twelve regiments ready for duty by March 15, 1862."

"Georgia Governor Joseph E. Brown issued a proclamation from the state capitol in Milledgeville on February 11, 1862, calling for the formation of the regiments and providing that each enlisted soldier and non-commissioned officer would receive $50.00 bounty payment, compensation for their transportation to the camp of instruction, and the right to elect their own officers. He challenged the men’s manhood and additionally placed social pressure on them to meet the call to duty by declaring, “Surely no true, patriotic son of our State, when all the property he possesses, his life, and liberties of his posterity are at stake, will wait to be forced into the field by draft. Were Georgia’s sons capable of this I can not believe that the noble women of the state, who have done so much for the cause would ever tolerate such delinquency.” He set the deadline of Tuesday, March 4th for each county to form companies and required the justice of the peace for each militia district to attend the parade. The justice of the peace then had to report to the commanding officer the names of men who were not present but liable for service. If the quota was not filled Brown promised a draft of men or detachment of men from state militia organizations to fill the requirement. Simultaneously, the Confederate Congress was debating a national Conscription Act that passed on March 28, 1862. Under these circumstances, the 39th Georgia Volunteer Infantry Regiment was born."

Here is what one what one 39th Georgia soldier said, "there were three horns to the dilemma: Volunteer, be conscripted and placed in a company not of your own choosing and bear the odious name of conscript, or attempt to go North, turning our backs on the home of our childhood and a widowed mother, and run a risk of ten to one of being captured and shot as a traitor to the Southern cause. We chose the first, and joined the same company...so we might be together."

I hope this helps.

Respectfully,

Gerald D. Hodge, Jr.
M.A. Military History - Civil War Concentration
Research - Preservation
Historian: 39th Georgia Volunteer Infantry Regiment