The records indicate that he escaped from Camp Morton April 1, 1862. Since he appeared on the list of those sent to Vicksburg for exchange, August 24, 1862, it seems reasonable that he was recaptured.
There are no Federal POW records for Charles following Murfreesboro. How his company determined his POW status would have been from a returning/exchanged soldier from the regiment. Federal POW records are rather complete, it seems more than likely, Charles returned home to recover from his wounds and never returned to duty.
One of the men captured at Murfeesboro was sent to the Camp Morton, Indian prison camp.
Charles A. Maraman, age 18, Private, Company K, 2nd Kentucky Infantry, enlisted July 16, 1861 at Camp Boone, Tenn. by Lieut. McCall for 3 years or the war, recorded on the January 1, 1862 muster roll as "Absent Deserter. In Confinement," captured at Fort Donelson February 16, 1862, sent to Camp Morton, Indiana prison camp, escaped April 1, 1862, listed on a roll dated August 24, 1862 of prisoners sent to Vicksburg, Miss. for exchange, slightly wounded in shoulder at the battle of Murfreesboro, December 31, 1862-January 3,1863 and listed as missing thereafter, recorded as missing on the Jan & Feb, 1863 muster roll, recorded as a prisoner of war on the Mar & Apr, 1863 muster roll, no further records
See P. P. of G. H. Nixon, Major, Report of Guard, Bowling Green, Ky, Nov. 5, 8, 10, 11,12, 13,15, 1861
M319: Compiled Service Records of Confederate Soldiers Who Served in Organizations from the State of Kentucky
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George H. Nixon, Major, F & S, 23rd Tennessee Infantry
This regiment was attached to Brown's Brigade, Buckner's Division, Central Army of Kentucky during the winter, 1861/62