The Tennessee in the Civil War Message Board

Re: Byhalia or Bailey's Station, TN

I am familar with a fight at Byhalia, Mississippi, on October 12, 1863. This was in the aftermath of Chalmer's raid on Collierville, and in my notes I have it as 13 miles south of Collierville, so I suppose it was along the Miss/Tn border. As cavalry were involved, one would expect to find pistol balls at the site. According to my notes:

Chalmers fell back to Byhalia after the attack on Colliersville. On the morning of October 12th, having heard nothing of Union pursuit, Chalmers started his brigades out. Col. Richardson reported Chalmers decided to visit his family at Hernando, and ordered Richardson’s brigade into camp at Myers Mill, Colonel Duckworth’s Brigade (presumably Chalmer's own)to Ingram’s Mill, and Colonel McGuirk’s Brigade to Denty’s farm.

Richardson reported that, a few hours after Chalmers departed, scouts brought information that Union forces were approaching Byhalia. Duckworth’s, McGuirk’s, and part of his own brigade had already departed; the only units still at Byhalia were Green’s and Stewart’s regiments. Duckworth himself had not yet left, and Richardson sent him riding after his brigade to bring it back. Richardson also sent word for the other units of his brigade, Neeley regiment and Inge’s battalion and Reneau’s battery, to return. According to Richardson, he performed a reconnaissance of the ground between “Ingram’s house” and Byhalia, “a distance of two miles,” and he decided to “make a stand on a hill that sloped down to the wooded bottom of the Red Bank Creek.”

According to Chalmers’ report, Richardson took position on a hill near “Ingram’s house,” just south of Byhalia Creek, with his artillery in the center, across the road, his men spread to the right and left, with skirmishers placed in some log buildings in front of this line. Richardson reported he placed Green’s and Stewart’s regiments, dismounted, on the right-hand side of the road. At about 1:00 p.m., Union forces arrived on the scene, drove in his pickets, and began firing on his skirmishers. By this time, Neely and Inge had returned with one section of the Reneau Battery. They were also ordered to dismount. Neely’s regiment was placed on the left of the road in a “wooded lot,” and “ordered to hold that position at all risks.” Inge’s 12th Mississippi was placed “on the right of Colonel Stewart.”

Richardson reported the Union forces “now advanced with great apparent resolution on Colonel Neely's position, and opened upon him a heavy fire of small-arms and artillery.” Despite this, Neely counter-attacked and drove the Union skirmishers back. The Federals then moved to swing around Neely and the Confederate left flank. Neely detached Lt. Colonel White with a squadron to take and hold a ridge. White’s men charged, and held the Union forces at bay long enough for the 12th Mississippi (Inge's Battalion), who Richardson had ordered from the extreme right of the line to the extreme left, to arrive. The Mississippians arrival ended the threat to the flank.

Richardson reported the fight continued for three hours (According to A Military History of Mississippi, Richardson held his ground for some time on October 12th against Hatch's Union cavalry division). However, by the end of that time, Duckworth had not returned, scouts reported a heavy column of Union troops moving from Holly Springs, and word came that ammunition was low. Richardson therefore withdrew.

Chalmers reported the Confederates held off attacks for three hours, until it appeared Union forces were trying to move around both flanks, at which time Richardson fell back to Ingram’s Mill, “where our whole force camped for the night.” According to Chalmers, “Our force in this affair did not exceed 800 men with two 6-pounders. That of the enemy consisted of the Ninth Illinois Mounted Infantry, Sixth, Seventh, and Ninth Illinois Cavalry, Seventh Kansas and Third Michigan Cavalry, and eight pieces of artillery.” Richardson himself reported that, “With 900 men of my own brigade alone I fought 1,500 of the enemy for three hours.”

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Byhalia or Bailey's Station, TN
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