The Medical College of Georgia in Augusta had been around for more than twenty years. I would like to know of any others, as well.
Traditionally, many Southerners attended the University of Pennsylvania Medical College, or Jefferson Medical College, both in Philadelphia. I understand that almost half of the enrollment as late as 1860 at Jefferson Medical College was from the states south of the Mason Dixon Line. At one time, Translyvania University's medical college, in Lexington, Kentucky, had been a popular school for South Carolinians and Georgians, though by the 1850's they tended to go either to their state medical schools, or to one of the Philadelphia medical schools. Of course, many medical students studied medicine under practicing physicians and never got a formal degree.
A list of the pre-war maltriculants at Transylvania University is available at the Old Edgefield District Genealogical Society, Edgefield, S.C. It lists the persons by name, with the post office address (or in some cases the county) given at registration, and the year of attendance.