Twila,
Thanks for the info. I don't consider "Pin" to be a negative term though for the "Southerners" it was considered to be negative. The Pins were sometimes called "wild Indians".

Less than 100 of Drew's Regiment remained in Confederate service. Much of the 2nd and nearly all of the 3rd IHG were defectors from Drew's or Pins who had not joined any unit. Some unknown number of Drew's Regt fought with Opothleyahola against the Confederates at Chusto Talasah (Caving Banks), Dec 9, 1861. It was probably Capt James McDaniel of Drew's Regt that told Opothleyahola to come to the Cherokee Nation.

The Confederates were well aware and very concerned about the questionable loyalties of Drew's Regt. It seems most members of the regiment believed they enlisted to protect the Cherokee Nation from jayhawking, which was their first assignment. Drew was headquartered at Coody Bluff (on the Verdigris east of Nowata) and was patroling the northern border and running off cattle rustlers from Kansas that were coming down through the Osage Reserve in southern Kansas and stealing cattle from the open range of the Cooweescoowee District.

You undoubtedly know this but (from Civil War Soldiers & Sailors plus the CSRs for Drew's Regt):

David Tadpole (First_Last)
Regiment Name 1 Cherokee Mounted Rilfes
Side Confederate
Company I
Soldier's Rank_In Private
Soldier's Rank_Out Private

(Addition info from CSR -- Age 22; Enrolled Oct. 4, 1861, Tahlequah District; Mustered In Oct. 25, 1861)

David Tadpole (First_Last)
Regiment Name 3 Kan. Inf. Indian Home Guard
Side Union
Company D
Soldier's Rank_In Pvt.
Soldier's Rank_Out Pvt.

Johnson Fisher (First_Last)
Regiment Name 3 Indian Home Guards, Kans. Inf.
Side Union
Company D
Soldier's Rank_In Pvt.
Soldier's Rank_Out Corp'l.

Great point about "full bloods" in the Keetoowah Society. The term didn't mean some sort of genetic purity, it had to do with the culture. For lack of a better term, I usually use the term "traditionalist". Several of the Keetoowah leaders were not "full bloods" in the genetic sense. There was a strong Northern Baptist presence in the Keetoowah Society. Lewis Downing who was chaplain in Drew's Regt and then Lt Col of the 3rd IHG was an ordained Baptist minister. Technically speaking, Cherokee is a nationality and culture, not a "race" of people, and there are many other Indian nationalities intermarried in the tribe, particularly Shawnee and Delaware, as well as a broad range of other nationalities who became "naturalized citizens".

Ken