Thanks Penny, I did not know of this. I'm not saying Art is wrong, I simple don't know, but there are clearly two sides on this debate.

Alan, I agree with you about the people of the Gulf area. I also know how family verbal histories are not always full-proof or absolutely factual. Faulkner wrote about this. But I believe that if there were a Cherokee General, a Creole General, a Mexican Colonel and a Jewish Secretary of State, in the Confederacy there could have been a general with 1/30th black ancestry.

I know about the Mobile Black Creoles, and I know that Richmond's rules were pretty much ignored and these men were allowed to form companies for the Confederates in South Alabama.

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David Upton