Pam, I believe there were as many German immigrants to the U.S. during and prior to the War. I know there were more German immigrants in the Union Army. Those two nationalities were each much larger than any of the other countries of origin. There were about 216,000 German soldiers and 170,000 Irish. Mercenaries, like the Hessians who came to fight in the American Revolution......except they did not go home.