Arleigh, in 2001-2002 I delved into his background to obtain a better grasp on who the man was since he spent 40 years investigating the reason Col. Tim Reeves executed Major James Wilson. His report on the subject is quite illuminating for those who might be interested in what a staunch wartime Confederate, post-war proud ex-Confederate/physician/author/newspaper publisher came up with.
But I digress. In his book, "With Porter in North Missouri," Joseph Mudd mentions visiting his uncle, Dr. George D. Mudd, of Bryantown, Charles County, Maryland. The fact that Dr. Samuel Mudd resided a stone's throw away near Waldorf, Charles County, Maryland, intrigued me. After doing a little bit of research I discovered that the Dr. Mudd from Missouri of whom you inquire was a second cousin of the Maryland Dr. Mudd of Lincoln assassination fame. Going a step further, Missouri Dr. Joseph Mudd ended up marrying an girl who was a ward in the home of Maryland Dr. Samuel Mudd.