Hi,
the book Cold Mountain was based on various fact that occurred in Western North Carolina during the Civil War. People and events have been changed around for the story. Charles Frazier based alot of his book on William Trotter's, Bushwhackers: The Mountains, also Philip Shaw Paludin's, Victim's. The Thrilling Adventures of Daniel Ellis[ he wasn't overly modest]and others were also used as a base for his story.

There wa a Captain Teague but I believe he was in the 29th NC Infantry and he did hunt down deserters and unionist and others. However I think the villian in the movie is a combination of James A. Keith and Lawrence Allen, the two men who commanded the troops at the Shelton Laurel Massacre.